Happy Hour Week 5

HAPPY HOUR, WEEK 5
Review of the Literature


A thorough, sophisticated literature review is the foundation and inspiration for
substantial, useful research.
Boote & Beile, 2005


HAPPY HOUR DISCUSSION:
1. Take a few moments to discuss and record in your blog how you conducted your literature review last semester. What terms did you use to perform your search? How did you locate refereed literature? What criteria did you use to determine what articles to include? What criteria did you use to determine what articles to omit? How did you organize your review? How did you write it up? What skills did you need?

2. Labaree (2003) notes that doctoral students who write literature reviews often face difficulties because their identities clash between daily school life and university culture. His ideas include having to shift from:
· a normative to an analytic way of thinking
· a personal to an intellectual relationship with educational phenomena
· a particular to a universal perspective
· an experimental to a theoretical disposition

In your Blog explain: Explain how these ideas resonate with you. How might they influence, or even hamper, your ability to conduct a good literature review? How does literature relate to your study or your work in general? What areas of literature will inform your study? (make a list of topics, authors, key words, etc)

3. Extension: As you read articles for your own literature review consider if the literature cited was relevant, peer reviewed, timely, meaningful, appropriately connected to the study.

References

Boote, D.N.,& Beile, P. (2005). Scholars before researchers: On the centrality of the dissertation literature review in research preparation. Educational Researcher, 34(6), 3-15.

Last semester I felt like I found more articles directly related to my research. I had a technology component and it was a much narrower focus. I depended on ERIC a great deal and Google Scholar. I realize now however that I probably worked a bit too hard to find references and the like because I was not really using the library tools very efficiently. I tried to stick to academic journals and I avoided news type sources. I realize peer reviewed is ideal, but I'm not always sure how to determine if a journal meets that criteria or not.

When I read the Labree (2003) article I could relate to many of the ideas he was expressing and I could totally understand how that would impact particularly a classroom teacher. I say that because their scope of focus is extremely narrow and focused on their class. I feel like in my position I am often looking more at the global view as I have to worry about state issues as well as precendence within the entire district. The same challenge applies however in that I am still embedded into the day to day work. That rarely involves studying theory behind a decision or the writing of a lit review from a theoretical perspective. Typically the focus is on the practice and the experiential design.

Based on that, now that I find myself back in school looking at my environment from an academic perspective, the literature review can prove to be somewhat challenging. I think the bulk of the issue is that I don't always have the clarity or background knowledge of the theory to know where to begin to search. I also try and focus too much on one area as opposed to recognizing that my research may involve mulitple areas. In that case each may have to be studied individually and tied together as it fits my particular project.

Is My Innovation Valid??

So, I'm trying to research how expectations and processes can be used to improve communication and collaboration in a dysfunctional community of practice. In my project from last semester, my innovation was to implement Google Talk as a way to encourage communication and collaboration among this dysfunctional CoP. Well my findings indicated that trust came through as a major issue and lack of structure around this new form of communication. In other words, one challenge around Google Talk was that it was difficult to keep track of an ongoing thread to ensure all parties kept track for follow through etc. They also felt unsure about when to use the tool: for what types of incidents???, quick questions???, only when email was down???, etc. etc. They indicated that they felt rules and/or guidelines around the use of this new tool would have been helpful.

One of the biggest problems this group has is keeping with protocol. They themselves came to this at a recent meeting. Again the issue of rules and procedures came up. They wanted to reinvent their interactions for lack of a better term. I suggested they come up with rules around communication for the most problematic areas. We now have edited and invented new protocol for the communication chain surrounding major incidents, email versus chat, when to do a large group communication and when not to, etc. So, my innovation was going to be the implementation and follow through with the group regarding these now written down procedures/"rules"/guidelines and whether they have helped to improve communication and collaboration among this team. I have thought about this question many times as maybe that is the problem. Maybe my question should be how are these procedures/"rules"/guidelines helping to minimize conflict among the CoP. Now as I work on my lit review, I'm panicked--Is this even a valid innovation and worthy of research? I am finding very little direct literature on this subject. I have a large bibliography but I'm not finding any research studies that look even remotely like mine. Mostly everything that is addressed is theory and generalities. I mean shouldn't someone be doing research on my topic?? I feel like there must be something and that possibly I'm just really bad with the key word searches ????? Any ideas, input, assistance would be much appreciated.

Happy Hour 2/5/09

I wasn't here for the initial activity as I was at work involved in a long, drawn out and painful budget reduction meeting. We did an exercise where you have a list of all significant and important positions and programs and you have to rate them in cut order from 1-40something. It is infuriating to thing that those cuts are literally taking the progress of the district back almost 6-7 years. I question the motivation of politicians that feel that education is being overindulged in some way and in need of trimming when something as simple as raising taxes could aleviate the burden on state agencies at least somewhat. That is probably over simplified but all I can see is years of past work done for the good of kids being placed on a cut list because there truly is no other funding.

Now on to the second issue. The community of practice that I am using for my research is truly involved in day to day learning and sharing in order to do their job. They document processes and create departmental procedures ongoing as issues and needs arise. There is a constant communication link that exists between them and among the members a strong alliance is present. I think the alliance is tied to their shared knowledge and common interests around technology and learning. An underlying problem however is that distrust has grown among two factions of the group that has generated some feelings of resentment and anger. It seems that although the groups continue to work well together, they are hypersensitive to each other's reactions, comments, and general demeanor. With regard to these two factions, they have begun to break out into two separate groups so that anytime a big technical type incident occurs, the two groups begin to ban together in defense against the other. Where I have tried less formal interventions to encourage the group to interact more, my efforts have not proven to be very effective. My intervention was to have the community create an expectation and procedure around how they will communicate in light of big incidents. They did do this. I also created an expectation that the group would meet face to face at least once a month to monitor the intervention and interact with each other. This scheduling proved to be a challenge, but everyone committed to working within their schedules to make it happen. So, I'm hoping the affect of the intervention will be positive as a first step to stop some of the negative communication patterns that have become so prevalent.